COVID-19 Related Acute Vascular Distress Syndrome: from Physiopathology to Treatment

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COVID-19 Related Acute Vascular Distress Syndrome: from Physiopathology to Treatment is written by Yazine Mahjoub and published by Frontiers Media SA. It's available with International Standard Book Number or ISBN identification 2832539033 (ISBN 10) and 9782832539033 (ISBN 13).

The COVID-19 pandemic hit the world at end of 2019. More than a year after, the world is still struggling with three million deaths. From our early experience, we suggested that COVID-19 disease is a vascular disease and that the lung is probably more sensitive than other organs. This hypothesis led us to introduce in April 2020 the acronym “AVDS” for Acute Vascular Distress Syndrome. This acronym seems to be more appropriate for COVID-19 than the usual ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome) acronym. At the lung level, the disease seems to be characterized, at any stage, by an increased pulmonary blood flow with an intrapulmonary right-to-left shunt. At the cellular level, vascular endothelialitis has been described. At the organ level, some authors described impairment of microcirculation and neoangiogenesis. These phenomena highly participate to the unusual presentation of COVID-19 pulmonary disease: from the “happy hypoxemia” phenomenon to the heterogenous response to prone positioning. Moreover, intravascular thrombosis due to unexpected alteration of fibrinolysis is responsible for high incidence of pulmonary embolism and impairment of other organs. It also seems that other organ vessels as heart, kidney or brain are targeted by the virus.